PUBLISHED BY: HARARY SECURITY

SERVICES - CRISIS MANAGEMENT - INTELLIGENCE

Mexico Security & Risk Analysis - September 2025

General Overview

September 2025 represented one of the most volatile months in Mexico's ongoing security crisis, characterized by unprecedented violence, sophisticated criminal operations, and significant government responses across multiple fronts. The month witnessed an intense convergence of factors that underscored the depth and complexity of the nation's security challenges, including persistent warfare between criminal organizations, systematic attacks on governmental authority, massive international law enforcement operations, and the continued erosion of public safety across vast regions of the country.

Five critical developments dominated the security landscape during September. First, the assassination of Sal Ros Reyes, the Security Director of Cosolapa, Oaxaca, while dining with family in Veracruz represented a brazen escalation in attacks against high-ranking public officials, signaling the willingness of criminal organizations to target government authorities in public spaces without regard for collateral consequences. Second, the internal warfare within the Sinaloa Cartel between Los Mayos and Los Chapitos factions intensified dramatically, resulting in over 1,800 deaths and 2,390 disappearances over a twelve-month period, with September marking particularly intense confrontations that forced the closure of schools, businesses, and public services throughout Culiacán and surrounding municipalities. Third, international law enforcement cooperation reached historic levels with the United States Drug Enforcement Administration conducting coordinated mass raids that resulted in 670 arrests targeting the Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generación, alongside continued designations of major Mexican cartels as terrorist organizations. Fourth, digital extortion and fraud operations exploiting artificial intelligence and social media platforms reached unprecedented national levels, siphoning hundreds of millions of pesos monthly from victims across all demographic sectors. Fifth, the arrest and extradition of Hernán Bermúdez Requena, the former security chief of Tabasco and alleged leader of La Barredora criminal organization, captured in Paraguay through coordinated international operations involving Interpol, Mexican intelligence services, and Paraguayan authorities, marked one of the highest-ranking state officials prosecuted for organized crime in recent history.

National crime statistics revealed overall reported crimes increased by nearly seven percent compared to the previous year, reaching 33.5 million incidents including significant surges in fraud, extortion, and violent offenses. The State of Mexico, Mexico City, and Tlaxcala emerged as particularly hard-hit entities, while Chiapas and Tamaulipas recorded comparatively lower overall crime rates despite experiencing pockets of extreme violence. Three-quarters of the Mexican population reported feeling insecure, and the majority of crimes continued to go unreported, perpetuating what analysts described as a hidden crisis. The chronic underreporting of crimes, estimated at over ninety-nine percent for certain offense categories such as extortion, reinforced perceptions of impunity and weakened institutional credibility.

Federal and state governments mounted significant operations throughout the month, resulting in high-profile arrests of cartel leaders, financial operators, and corrupt officials. High-profile detentions included Genaro Ramírez Hernández, known as El Silencio, considered the number two in CJNG for the Bajío region, and Gustavo, known as El Viejón, leader of La Barredora in Guanajuato. The arrest of Vice Admiral Manuel Roberto Farías Laguna for involvement in massive fuel theft in Tamaulipas represented unprecedented acknowledgment of corruption within the highest ranks of the armed forces. These enforcement actions yielded immediate operational impacts, disrupting command structures and revenue streams for various criminal organizations, though such interventions frequently triggered retaliatory violence and territorial realignments among competing factions.

Discovery of clandestine graves continued at an alarming pace, with seventeen bodies recovered in rural Guanajuato and multiple female victims found in clandestine burial sites across Veracruz. Femicide rates surged in several states, with Sinaloa recording sixteen cases in September alone, representing nearly forty percent of the entire year's total. Veracruz experienced four separate massacres in bars over a twelve-hour period, resulting in multiple deaths and widespread panic. In Colima, an attack at a bakery left six people dead, demonstrating the willingness of criminal organizations to perpetrate mass violence in public venues.

Comprehensive Violence Analysis

The pattern and intensity of violence during September 2025 reflected both continuity with established trends and concerning escalations across multiple dimensions. Sinaloa emerged as the epicenter of lethal violence. The violence stemmed primarily from the ongoing internal conflict within the Sinaloa Cartel, pitting the faction loyal to Ismael Zambada García, known as Los Mayos, against the group aligned with the sons of Joaquín Guzmán Loera, known as Los Chapitos. This fratricidal warfare has fundamentally reshaped the security landscape across northwestern Mexico, with at least 47 police officers killed in Sinaloa since the escalation began in September 2024.

Criminal organizations demonstrated increasing willingness to engage in sustained firefights with security forces, employing heavy weaponry including high-caliber rifles, grenades, and armored vehicles colloquially known as "monstruos" equipped with mounted weapons. The use of explosive devices expanded beyond traditional applications, with criminal groups deploying drones capable of dropping explosives on rival positions and security force installations, particularly in the Tierra Caliente region spanning portions of Michoacán, Jalisco, and Guerrero. This technological adaptation represented a significant escalation in criminal warfare capabilities.

Street-level violence accounted for dozens of deadly incidents across Sinaloa, Michoacán, Guerrero, and Guanajuato. Major battles involved federal and state forces clashing with armed groups in multiple locations. Culiacán, Apatzingán, Chilpancingo, and Coahuayana experienced running gun battles that triggered lockdowns, transport suspension, and cancellation of public events. In Michoacán, deadly assaults on police checkpoints in Uruapan led to canceled Independence Day celebrations. Multiple municipalities in Michoacán were forced to cancel national celebrations due to explicit cartel threats and direct attacks on police.

Public executions and street violence became increasingly common, with multiple incidents of victims killed in broad daylight in busy commercial districts, outside schools, near government offices, and in residential neighborhoods. The brazenness of these attacks reflected both the operational confidence of criminal organizations and the limited capacity of security forces to prevent or immediately respond to incidents. Collateral casualties represented a growing component of overall violence statistics, with bystander deaths becoming a regular outcome of shootouts. The killing of a seven-year-old child during a security force operation on the San Fernando-Reynosa highway in Tamaulipas illustrated the tragic consequences of armed confrontations in civilian spaces.

Highway attacks, ambushes, armed robberies, and blockades remained acute threats, particularly along key corridors in Tamaulipas, Chihuahua, Veracruz, and Michoacán. Multiple public transport and cargo vehicle attacks in central Veracruz within 48 hours resulted in at least eleven killed and several wounded. Routes in Michoacán and Guerrero were intermittently blocked or beset by criminal gangs engaging in extortion and theft, reinforcing the hazardous nature of overland movement. Criminal blockades using hijacked vehicles, spike strips to immobilize security forces, and multi-point ambushes demonstrated sophisticated tactical coordination.

Violence against women reached crisis levels in multiple states during September. Beyond the surge in femicides, gender-based violence manifested across multiple contexts, including domestic settings, public spaces, and as deliberate tactics employed by criminal organizations to intimidate communities. In Chiapas, the discovery of a dismembered woman's body in a public location prompted formal feminicide investigations. The murder of a young nutritionist in Jalisco sparked public protest, highlighting the continued epidemic of violence against women.

Detailed Cartel Dynamics and Organizational Structures

The organizational landscape of Mexican organized crime during September 2025 exhibited both consolidation tendencies among major cartels and proliferation patterns characterized by fragmentation into smaller, more specialized criminal cells. The Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generación continued to demonstrate the most aggressive expansion profile among major Mexican criminal organizations. Operating under the leadership of Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes, known as El Mencho, the CJNG maintained strongholds in Jalisco, Colima, and portions of Guanajuato while actively contesting territory in Michoacán, Zacatecas, Veracruz, and Guerrero.

The September arrest of Genaro Ramírez Hernández, known as El Silencio or El Manotas, represented a significant blow to CJNG operations in the Bajío region. His detention followed extensive surveillance operations and reflected enhanced coordination between federal and state security forces. The arrest of Gustavo, known as El Viejón, leader of La Barredora criminal group operating in Guanajuato and allied with CJNG, further disrupted the organization's operations. The arrest of Oscar, a key financial operator for CJNG, and nine additional members across operations in the State of Mexico and Jalisco during September targeted the organization's financial infrastructure.

The Sinaloa Cartel experienced perhaps the most dramatic upheaval during September, with the internal conflict between Los Mayos and Los Chapitos reaching unprecedented intensity. The arrest of Juan Pablo Vargas Béiz, known as El Chuki, a pilot and facilitator for Los Chapitos faction, disrupted aviation operations critical for drug transportation. The death of Rafael Guadalupe Félix Núñez, known as El Changuito Ántrax, during operations to evade federal forces marked another significant development. The United States detention of 26 high-ranking Sinaloa Cartel members during September, charged with trafficking and money laundering offenses, further complicated the organization's operational environment.

La Familia Michoacana maintained significant presence across Michoacán, the State of Mexico, and portions of Guerrero. The September arrest of Bryan Antonio García Luna, plaza chief for La Familia Michoacana in the State of Mexico, alongside his lieutenant removed key operational leadership responsible for homicide, kidnapping, and extortion activities. La Unión Tepito, based in Mexico City's historic Tepito neighborhood, faced disruption with the September arrest of its major leader known as El Irving along with close associates, yielding significant seizures of drugs, weapons, and currency.

Los Viagras in Michoacán demonstrated particular aggressiveness in extortion operations during September, suddenly doubling protection payments demanded from lime producers in the state. This escalation reflected both opportunistic exploitation of agricultural sectors and potential financial pressure facing the organization. Los Tlacos and Los Ardillos in Guerrero continued their violent rivalry over control of transit routes and local drug markets, deploying drones and explosives in confrontations that forced repeated suspension of civic and educational activities.

Transnational criminal organizations expanded their presence in Mexico during September, with Tren de Aragua, originating in Venezuela, establishing operations focused on migrant exploitation, human trafficking, and coordination with established Mexican cartels. The group's expansion represented a new dimension in Mexican organized crime, introducing actors with different organizational cultures and transnational networks extending throughout the Americas.

Governmental Authority and Institutional Challenges

Morelos, Guanajuato, Michoacán, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz reported significant attacks on uniformed officers and administrative officials. The attempted assassination of the crime prevention director in Tulancingo, Hidalgo, and the murder of a former mayor in Veracruz illustrated the broad geographic distribution of violence against authority figures. The assassination of a municipal commissioner in Guerrero and the armed attack on Buenavista's mayor in Michoacán demonstrated that elected officials faced comparable risks to security personnel.

The killing of Carolina Plascencia, an activist and acting president of an influential water user’s association, signaled cartel interest in resource control and willingness to eliminate civil society voices that challenged criminal interests. The targeting of activists and civil society leaders represented another dimension of attacks on authority broadly conceived, creating a climate of fear that suppressed public discourse.

Police complicity in criminal activities manifested across multiple jurisdictions. Thirty security staff at the port of Tampico, Tamaulipas, were terminated or detained for facilitating large-scale fuel smuggling operations. In Zacatecas, authorities uncovered local police collaborating with human trafficking networks. Morelos authorities arrested police officers and city officials linked to kidnapping rings and cartel activities, including cases where officers actively participated in express kidnappings. Several police officials in Mexico City were arrested for colluding with kidnapping rings.

 Governmental Response and Strategic Interventions

In Oaxaca, authorities arrested Koki, the second in command to Comandante Cromo, targeting one of the Isthmus region's main sources of violence. Operations in Chihuahua resulted in the arrest of six members of La Línea during clashes in Ojinaga.

The capture of the widow and daughter of El Ojos, erstwhile leader of the Cártel de Tláhuac, detained after months on the run, disrupted the organization's finances and operations. In Morelos, the re-arrest of Andrea Angelina, known as La Patrona, a key figure linked to extortion and violent crimes, reflected persistent targeting of criminal women leaders. The arrest of Roger, known as El Peque, an important CJNG operator in the Chiapas-Guatemala border region through coordinated operations, dealt a severe blow to the cartel's cross-border influence.

Operations targeting kidnapping and extortion networks achieved notable successes. Authorities in Tabasco and Mexico City dismantled multiple rings, some operating via dating platforms and involving police collusion. The arrest of female-led kidnapping cells in Tabasco challenged traditional gender assumptions about cartel leadership. The rescue of kidnap victims in Guanajuato, Zacatecas, and Culiacán reflected improved rapid response capabilities.

The dismantling of a major La Chokiza cell in the State of Mexico and seizure of 72 properties tied to extortion and fraud represented a significant strike against the organization's economic infrastructure. This operation demonstrated strategic recognition that effective enforcement must target not only operational leadership but also financial assets and property portfolios.

The destruction of clandestine synthetic drug laboratories represented another enforcement priority. Operations in Sinaloa alone resulted in dismantling dozens of sites and confiscating multiple tons of precursor chemicals and finished products. These actions temporarily constrained production capacity and increased operational costs for cartels dependent on synthetic drug revenues.

Economic and Social Dimensions of Crime

The economic impacts of criminal activity during September 2025 extended far beyond the immediate costs of violence and property destruction, creating systemic effects that constrained growth, displaced investment, and undermined formal economic structures. Extortion represented perhaps the most pervasive economic crime, affecting virtually all categories of commercial activity. The Confederation of Employers of the Mexican Republic reported 5,887 victims in the first half of 2025, with telephonic extortion accounting for over seventy percent of cases. However, experts estimated that less than one percent of actual extortion cases were reported, suggesting the true magnitude exceeded half a million incidents annually.

Agricultural sectors faced particularly acute extortion pressure. Lime producers in Michoacán confronted sudden doubling of protection payments demanded by criminal groups such as Los Viagras. This escalation created untenable economic conditions for many producers, forcing difficult choices between compliance with extortion demands, cessation of operations, or resistance that risked violent reprisal. Some producers abandoned cultivation entirely, contributing to supply disruptions and price volatility.

Transportation sectors experienced comparable pressures, with trucking companies, bus operators, and logistics firms facing routine extortion demands, cargo theft, and violence against drivers and equipment. Some firms ceased operations on particular routes or withdrew entirely from affected regions, reducing service availability and increasing costs for remaining operators. The cumulative effect constrained commerce, increased prices for transported goods, and disadvantaged businesses in affected areas.

Digital extortion and fraud reached unprecedented levels during September, exploiting elderly victims through social media platforms and artificial intelligence technologies. Criminal organizations employed increasingly sophisticated psychological manipulation techniques, including creation of fake profiles, use of artificial voice synthesis to impersonate relatives, and deployment of pressure tactics. The hundreds of millions of pesos siphoned monthly through digital extortion schemes represented wealth transfers that depleted savings, constrained consumption, and inflicted severe psychological trauma on victims and their families.

Micro-lending scams, particularly gota a gota operations promoted by Colombian-linked criminal cells in the State of Mexico, targeted economically vulnerable populations with predatory lending practices. These schemes offered accessible credit with minimal documentation but imposed usurious interest rates and employed violent collection tactics. Borrowers frequently found themselves trapped in cycles of debt, making payments that vastly exceeded original principal amounts while facing continued demands and threats.

Vehicle theft continued at high rates, with Sinaloa alone recording over 33,000 stolen vehicles since 2018 and ongoing monthly totals indicating no diminution. Beyond the direct value of stolen vehicles, theft created cascading costs including increased insurance premiums, security investments, and time costs associated with reporting crimes and managing replacement processes. Commercial vehicle theft particularly impacted business operations, disrupting logistics and forcing companies to maintain excess capacity.

Kidnapping created particularly acute economic effects beyond immediate ransom costs. Business leaders, entrepreneurs, and commercial operators faced elevated risks that influenced location decisions, investment patterns, and operational practices. Express kidnappings, often involving police complicity, targeted routine travel and daily activities, forcing changes in movement patterns and security arrangements that imposed time costs and limited business efficiency.

Some business owners relocated operations from high-risk municipalities such as Mazatlán to states perceived as offering greater security, representing both economic displacement and recognition of the differential risk environment. The cumulative effect of investment flight and deterred new investment constrained economic growth and perpetuated the economic marginalization that contributed to criminal recruitment.

International Dimensions

The international dimensions of Mexico's security crisis during September 2025 revealed the transnational character of organized crime operations. United States engagement represented the most significant international dimension. The Drug Enforcement Administration's mass raids resulting in 670 arrests targeting Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generación constituted an extraordinary enforcement operation demonstrating the scale of CJNG operations within American territory. These operations extended across multiple American states, targeting distribution operations, trafficking networks, financial infrastructure, and coordination mechanisms.

The arrest of Mexican nationals operating sophisticated methamphetamine laboratories in South Africa and Poland during September underscored the global expansion of Mexican drug trafficking organizations. These laboratories, utilizing Mexican expertise and organizational networks, supplied local and regional markets while potentially producing drugs for eventual shipment to traditional cartel markets. Law enforcement coordination among Mexican, South African, Polish, and potentially other national agencies proved essential for detecting and dismantling these operations.

Record cocaine seizures in Canada tied to Mexican cartels illustrated the northern dimension of trafficking networks and the use of Canadian territory as both a destination market and potentially a transshipment location. Canadian enforcement operations disrupted supply chains and removed substantial drug quantities, though the magnitude of seizures suggested equally substantial quantities successfully entered markets undetected.

Arms trafficking from the United States into Mexico remained a critical international dimension affecting violence levels and criminal capabilities. The flow of firearms from American sources enabled criminal organizations to arm enforcement units with military-grade weapons. September saw enhanced bilateral cooperation on arms trafficking, including novel cross-border initiatives, enhanced intelligence sharing, joint task force operations, and coordinated prosecutorial strategies. However, fundamental challenges remained regarding American domestic gun regulations and the massive volume of weapons available for diversion.

Migration flows through Mexican territory generated international dimensions affecting relationships with Central American nations and the United States. Criminal organizations systematically exploited migrants, engaging in robbery, extortion, kidnapping, forced recruitment, sexual violence, and human trafficking. The expansion of groups such as Tren de Aragua, originating in Venezuela, added new complexities to migrant victimization patterns.

Published By: HARARY SECURITY

SERVICES - CRISIS MANAGEMENT - INTELLIGENCE

HX-HARARY SECURITY

MEXICO SECURITY & RISK ANALYSIS

AUGUST 2025

DATE OF REPORT: SEPTEMBER 9, 2025

Overview

August 2025 marked one of the most challenging periods in Mexico's ongoing security crisis, with approximately 2,200 homicides recorded nationwide and a dramatic escalation in both the frequency and brutality of criminal incidents. The month demonstrated the persistent volatility of Mexico's security environment, characterized by brazen cartel attacks, systematic corruption within law enforcement, and the continued expansion of organized crime's influence across Mexican society.

Five Most Critical Developments

Unprecedented Attacks on Healthcare Infrastructure: Criminal organizations launched bold assaults on medical facilities, most notably the attacks on hospitals in Culiacán that resulted in five deaths and multiple injuries. These incidents represent a dangerous escalation in cartel tactics, targeting previously considered safe civilian spaces and demonstrating a complete disregard for humanitarian norms.

Mass Execution of Law Enforcement Personnel: The systematic targeting of police and security forces reached alarming levels, exemplified by the ambush and execution of 13 community police officers in Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero*, in a single incident. This massacre, along with the assassination of high-ranking officials, including the Federal Prosecutor's delegate in Tamaulipas*, illustrated the cartels' strategic campaign to weaken governmental authority through targeted violence.

Extensive Police Corruption Networks Exposed: The discovery and dismantling of widespread corruption networks within law enforcement agencies revealed the depth of criminal infiltration in Mexican institutions. Nearly 60 police officers in Chiapas alone were arrested for alleged ties to drug trafficking, while similar corruption rings were uncovered across multiple states, highlighting the systemic nature of institutional compromise.

Escalating Inter-Cartel Warfare: The internal conflict within the Cártel de Sinaloa between "Los Chapitos" and "Los Mayos" factions intensified dramatically, contributing to sustained gunfights, roadblocks, and civilian casualties throughout Sinaloa* state. This fragmentation has created additional violence while providing opportunities for rival organizations like the Cártel Jalisco Nueva Generación to expand their territorial control.

Systematic Recruitment and Exploitation of Minors: Criminal organizations implemented large-scale recruitment campaigns targeting minors through social media platforms and direct coercion, with hundreds of young people abducted or forcibly recruited as "halcones," drug smugglers, and child soldiers. This development represents an alarming evolution in cartel tactics with profound long-term implications for Mexican society.

Comprehensive Violence Analysis

The violence that characterized August 2025 demonstrated both the persistence and evolution of Mexico's security crisis. The month recorded approximately 2,200 homicides nationwide, maintaining the consistently high levels of violence observed since 2019. However, the nature and scope of violent incidents revealed troubling new patterns and escalations that distinguished this period from previous months.

Mass casualty events became increasingly common throughout August, with criminal organizations demonstrating a willingness to attack civilian targets with unprecedented brutality. The massacre in Yuriria, Guanajuato, where six men were executed at a party venue, exemplified the cartels' disregard for civilian safety and their use of public spaces for intimidation purposes. Similarly, the attack on a church event in San Miguel de Allende resulted in two deaths and seventeen injuries, marking a significant escalation in the targeting of religious and community gatherings.

The discovery of mass graves continued at an alarming pace, with authorities exhuming 32 bodies from a clandestine burial site in Irapuato, Guanajuato, and recovering 15 additional remains in Tlaquepaque, Jalisco. These findings underscore the hidden toll of Mexico's violence and the ability of criminal organizations to operate with relative impunity in disposing of victims.

Gender-based violence maintained disturbingly high levels throughout the month, with Oaxaca alone registering 52 femicides in 2025. The gruesome decapitation of a woman in Tijuana and the murder of multiple family units, including children, in Jalisco highlighted the indiscriminate nature of cartel violence and its impact on Mexico's most vulnerable populations.

Detailed Cartel Dynamics and Organizational Structures

The organizational landscape of Mexican cartels underwent significant changes during August 2025, marked by internal fragmentation, territorial expansions, and evolving operational strategies. The Cártel de Sinaloa's internal conflict between "Los Chapitos" and "Los Mayos" factions dominated much of the month's violence, contributing to over 118 homicides and 13 cases of human remains discoveries in Sinaloa* alone.

The CJNG demonstrated remarkable organizational adaptability, simultaneously conducting operations across multiple states, including Guanajuato, State of México, Veracruz, Michoacán*, Puebla, Tlaxcala, and Baja California.

The arrest of high-profile CJNG operatives revealed the sophisticated nature of their organizational structure. José Luis Sánchez Valencia, known as "El Chalamán" and identified as a direct relative of CJNG leader "El Mencho," was detained along with significant intelligence about the organization's operational methods. Similarly, the capture of Héctor Agustín Díaz Velázquez, "El Cachorro," a key CJNG plaza boss responsible for arms trafficking, provided insights into the group's weapons procurement and distribution networks.

Financial operations within major cartels demonstrated increasing sophistication, with authorities uncovering complex money laundering networks involving Chinese transnational criminal organizations and cryptocurrency systems. These networks utilized "mirrored transactions," digital "mules," real estate investments, and music promotion events to launder cartel proceeds, illustrating the international scope of Mexican criminal organizations' financial operations.

The Familia Michoacana maintained significant territorial control in the State of México and Morelos, focusing primarily on extortion, homicide, and kidnapping operations. Their control over key zones, including Valle de Bravo, Toluca, Ecatepec, and southern Mexico City boroughs, demonstrated their continued relevance in the organized crime landscape despite pressure from larger organizations.

Regional criminal groups like "La Barredora," affiliated with the CJNG and operating primarily in Puebla, Veracruz, Tabasco, and Tlaxcala, continued to demonstrate the decentralized nature of Mexico's criminal ecosystem. The dismantling of portions of this organization revealed extensive infiltration of law enforcement agencies and direct connections to mass killings, including the placement of six human heads with narcomensajes in Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala.

The northern border regions witnessed continued competition between established organizations, with "Los Mayos" and Beltrán Leyva remnants maintaining regular armed confrontations for control of trafficking routes through Sinaloa* and Sonora. In Baja California, the rivalry between the Cártel de Sinaloa, CJNG, and Arellano Félix Organization remnants contributed to escalating violence and the systematic extortion of small business owners, particularly in Ensenada.

Governmental Authority and Institutional Challenges

The systematic targeting of governmental authority reached unprecedented levels during August 2025, with criminal organizations demonstrating both the operational capacity and willingness to challenge state power across multiple levels of government directly. The assassination of Ernesto Vásquez Reyna, the Federal Prosecutor's delegate in Tamaulipas*, represented one of the most significant attacks on federal authority, conducted with grenades and assault rifles in broad daylight in Reynosa.

Local law enforcement bore the heaviest burden of cartel violence, with Sinaloa* leading the nation in police casualties, recording 47 officers killed since September 2024. The murder of the commander of Culiacán's municipal police marked the fourth such assassination in that city during 2025, illustrating the sustained campaign against law enforcement in cartel-contested areas.

The ambush and execution of thirteen community police officers in Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero*, in a single incident demonstrated the cartels' tactical sophistication and their strategy of eliminating grassroots security initiatives. This massacre not only removed experienced personnel but also served as a powerful deterrent to community self-defense efforts.

The penetration of criminal organizations into government institutions extended beyond traditional law enforcement, with arrests of various officials ranging from municipal police directors to social service personnel working within prosecutors' offices. The case in Tabasco, where a commander was discovered delivering law enforcement intelligence to "La Barredora" criminal organization, illustrated the sophisticated nature of criminal intelligence networks within government agencies.

Judicial personnel became direct targets for criminal violence, with the shooting of a female judge in Acapulco, Guerrero*, highlighting the vulnerability of court officials and the cartels' strategy of intimidating the justice system. The murder of the director of the La Toma penitentiary in Córdoba, Veracruz, further demonstrated criminal organizations' ability to target correctional system officials.

Municipal and state government officials faced unprecedented threats, with the arson attack on the home of Queréndaro's mayor in Michoacán* serving as a prominent example of direct intimidation tactics. These attacks, attributed to ongoing turf wars between the CJNG and emerging splinter groups, illustrated how local political figures became casualties in broader criminal conflicts.

The institutional response to criminal infiltration involved massive personnel changes, with interventions in local police departments across Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Guerrero* due to suspicions of cartel collusion, arms irregularities, and loss of public trust. However, these interventions often left communities temporarily without adequate security coverage, creating additional vulnerabilities.

Governmental Response and Strategic Interventions

Federal and state authorities implemented comprehensive response strategies throughout August 2025, achieving significant tactical successes while highlighting the persistent challenges in addressing Mexico's security crisis. Joint operations between different levels of government resulted in high-profile arrests and substantial seizures of criminal assets, though the long-term impact of these interventions remained uncertain.

The capture of key cartel operatives represented major operational successes, with authorities detaining José Luis Sánchez Valencia, "El Chalamán," a CJNG operator and relative of the organization's leader. Similarly, the arrest of Gustavo Aldair Arzate Vázquez, "El Malportado," head of the "Cartel Nuevo Imperio" and "Los Malportados," disrupted significant criminal networks involved in extortion, kidnapping, and targeted executions.

Large-scale security operations, particularly "Operativo Muralla" in Nuevo León, demonstrated the government's commitment to preventing criminal expansion into major metropolitan areas. This operation resulted in the deaths of twelve presumed cartel gunmen during a firefight with Fuerza Civil on the outskirts of Doctor Coss, illustrating both the intensity of criminal resistance and the effectiveness of coordinated security responses.

Seizure operations yielded substantial quantities of illegal materials, with raids in Culiacán and other hotspots netting mass quantities of methamphetamine, sophisticated armaments, and tactical equipment. The discovery and dismantling of synthetic drug laboratories represented significant disruptions to cartel production capabilities, though the organizations demonstrated remarkable resilience in reconstituting these operations.

Intelligence-driven operations targeting corruption within law enforcement agencies achieved significant results, with the "Cero Corrupción" program in Chiapas leading to hundreds of arrests among municipal and state police forces. These operations, while necessary for institutional integrity, temporarily disrupted law enforcement capabilities in affected areas.

Specialized operations focused on dismantling criminal financial networks achieved notable successes, with authorities uncovering complex money laundering schemes involving international criminal organizations.

Economic and Social Dimensions of Crime

The economic impact of organized crime expanded dramatically during August 2025, with criminal organizations implementing systematic strategies to control and tax legitimate economic activities across multiple sectors. The scope of criminal economic influence extended far beyond traditional drug trafficking, encompassing virtually every aspect of commercial life in affected regions.

Extortion operations achieved unprecedented scale and sophistication, with official figures recording a 25.4 percent year-on-year increase in reported cases. However, these statistics likely underrepresented the true scope of criminal taxation, as many businesses avoided reporting incidents due to fear of retaliation or lack of confidence in governmental protection capabilities.

The agricultural sector faced particularly severe pressure, with criminal organizations imposing systematic "protection payments" on farmers, ranchers, and agricultural cooperatives. The La Laguna region, spanning Durango and Coahuila, experienced widespread business paralysis as agricultural and industrial associations demanded federal intervention to address institutionalized extortion schemes operated through labor unions, particularly CATEM, suspected of serving as criminal fronts.

Transportation infrastructure became a primary target for criminal taxation, with truckers and commercial drivers facing regular demands for "protection payments" at highway checkpoints controlled by criminal organizations. These schemes disrupted national supply chains and increased transportation costs across multiple sectors, with some business groups declaring specific trade corridors "no-go zones" for freight and transport operations.

Small businesses bore a disproportionate burden of criminal extortion, with restaurateurs, shop owners, and service providers facing systematic demands for "derecho de piso" payments. The murder of small business owners in Orizaba, Veracruz, who refused to pay extortion demands, illustrated the lethal consequences of resistance to criminal taxation schemes.

The fishing industry experienced severe disruption, particularly in coastal states where criminal organizations imposed price controls and taxation schemes on fishing cooperatives. These interventions not only affected local livelihoods but also disrupted regional food supply chains and contributed to increased prices for consumers.

Construction and real estate sectors faced increasing criminal influence, with organizations demanding payments from development projects and imposing their own suppliers and contractors on major construction initiatives. This intervention distorted market mechanisms and increased costs for housing and infrastructure development.

Digital technology has enabled new forms of criminal economic activity, including sophisticated extortion schemes that utilize artificial intelligence-generated voice cloning to enhance the credibility of threats. These technological adaptations demonstrated criminal organizations' ability to evolve their methods and exploit emerging technologies for illegal purposes.

Labor unions in several states became vehicles for organized extortion, with criminal organizations infiltrating legitimate labor organizations to impose "cuotas sindicales" that served as covers for systematic criminal taxation. This infiltration undermined legitimate labor organizing while providing criminal groups with institutional legitimacy for their extortion operations.

The tourism sector faced increasing pressure from criminal taxation schemes, particularly in coastal resort areas where businesses were forced to pay regular protection fees to maintain operations. These schemes threatened Mexico's vital tourism industry and contributed to increased security costs for international visitors.

Financial services experienced disruption through criminal money laundering operations that distorted currency exchange rates and created artificial demand for specific financial instruments. The involvement of international criminal networks in laundering Mexican cartel proceeds created additional complexity for financial sector oversight and regulation.

 International Dimensions

The international scope of Mexico's security crisis expanded significantly during August 2025, with criminal organizations demonstrating increasingly sophisticated transnational capabilities and international law enforcement cooperation intensifying in response. The global nature of Mexican cartels' operations became evident through arms trafficking networks, money laundering schemes, and drug distribution systems that spanned multiple continents.

Money laundering operations demonstrated remarkable international sophistication, with Chinese transnational criminal networks playing prominent roles in laundering Mexican cartel proceeds. These operations utilized "mirrored transactions," digital currency systems, real estate investments across multiple countries, and legitimate business fronts, including music promotion companies and resort developments.

United States-Mexico security cooperation achieved significant milestones, with Mexico delivering 26 major narco-defendants to United States authorities during August, adding to the 29 transferred earlier in the year. This extradition program represented an unprecedented bilateral commitment to addressing transnational criminal organizations, though it also prompted retaliatory violence from affected criminal groups.

The United States government maintained elevated travel warnings for Mexican states, with Level 4 "Do Not Travel" advisories for Sinaloa*, Michoacán*, Guerrero*, Zacatecas*, Tamaulipas*, and Colima*, citing both cartel violence and terrorism risks. These warnings reflected international recognition of Mexico's security challenges and their potential impact on foreign nationals.

International drug trafficking operations continued to evolve, with United States agencies reporting multiple large-scale seizures of cocaine, fentanyl, and methamphetamine linked to Mexican cartel networks. These seizures occurred across several border states and major United States cities, highlighting the extensive distribution networks operated by Mexican criminal organizations.

European law enforcement agencies increased cooperation with Mexican authorities, particularly in addressing money laundering networks and arms trafficking operations. The involvement of European criminal organizations in providing weapons and financial services to Mexican cartels created new opportunities for international law enforcement collaboration.

Migration-related criminal activities expanded international dimensions of Mexican security challenges, with criminal organizations controlling human trafficking routes and exploiting vulnerable migrant populations. The arrest of the director of a major migrant rights organization as an alleged smuggling leader illustrated the complex relationships between legitimate advocacy and criminal exploitation.

International business communities faced increasing security challenges, with foreign companies operating in Mexico requiring enhanced security measures and risk assessment protocols. The targeting of international business operations for extortion and the kidnapping of foreign nationals created additional diplomatic and commercial complications.

Cryptocurrency and digital financial systems provided new avenues for international criminal financial operations, with Mexican cartels utilizing sophisticated digital laundering schemes that crossed multiple jurisdictions and regulatory frameworks. These operations challenged traditional approaches to financial crime investigation and international cooperation.

Conclusions and Strategic Assessment

August 2025 represented a critical juncture in Mexico's ongoing security crisis, characterized by the persistence of high-level violence, the evolution of criminal organizational structures, and the continued challenge to governmental authority across multiple levels. The month's events demonstrated both the resilience of criminal organizations and the limitations of traditional law enforcement approaches in addressing deeply embedded security challenges.

The exposure of extensive corruption networks within law enforcement agencies highlighted the systemic nature of institutional compromise and the challenge of implementing effective reforms while maintaining operational security capabilities.

Economic dimensions of organized crime expanded significantly, with systematic extortion schemes affecting virtually every sector of legitimate economic activity in affected regions. The integration of criminal taxation into routine business operations threatened economic development and created additional incentives for criminal organizational expansion.

International cooperation achieved significant tactical successes, particularly in extradition and joint operations, though the transnational scope of criminal activities continued to challenge traditional law enforcement approaches. The involvement of international criminal networks in supporting Mexican cartels suggested the need for more comprehensive global responses to organized crime.

The persistence of mass graves and disappeared persons highlighted the hidden dimensions of Mexico's violence and the challenge of achieving accountability for past crimes while addressing ongoing security threats.

Published By: HARARY SECURITY

SERVICES - CRISIS MANAGEMENT - INTELLIGENCE

HX-HARARY SECURITY

MEXICO SECURITY & RISK ANALYSIS

JULY 2025

DATE OF REPORT: AUGUST 6, 2025

Overview

Escalating Violence Against Government Officials and Law Enforcement

July 2025 was marked by continued and highly visible attacks on government officials and law enforcement personnel, signaling persistent threats to governmental authority. The assassination of the secretary of Apaseo el Alto, Guanajuato, during a public event was particularly notable and emblematic of direct cartel challenges to public order.

In Sinaloa, the ongoing conflict between rival Mayos and Chapitos groups resulted in 32 police officers killed this year alone, many targeted off-duty, demonstrating a calculated campaign of intimidation. Across several states, brazen confrontations involving heavy weaponry occurred at transportation infrastructure, further illustrating the severe power and impunity wielded by organized crime.

Major Cartel Arrests and Persistent Criminal Adaptability

Security forces achieved significant operational successes with the capture of high-ranking cartel figures, including Salvador Humberto S.V.M. (“El Señor de la V”), leader of the Gente Nueva cell in Chihuahua, and Ulises Pinto, the alleged head of “La Barredora.” These arrests impacted cartel leadership and drug networks; however, criminal groups demonstrated strong adaptability, rapidly replacing detained leaders and even penetrating law enforcement, as seen with numerous arrests of corrupt police. Cartels also diversified operations, such as the CJNG’s recruitment using fake job ads to abduct and forcibly conscript young people.

Endemic Extortion, Kidnapping, and the Impact on Society and Economy

Criminal groups expanded their control over legitimate businesses and commodities, particularly through systematic extortion and high-profile kidnappings. Two-thirds of entrepreneurs in Veracruz reported being targeted by extortion, pushing many out of business or into compliance with criminal demands. Kidnapping cases, both for ransom and forced recruitment, remained high, directly affecting sectors like transportation and construction. The abduction and recovery of notable industry leaders, attacks on civilians and small businesses, as well as targeted violence against women and activists, underscored the widespread human and economic toll.

Institutional Corruption and the Erosion of Public Trust

Several cases throughout July highlighted ongoing institutional challenges, including the exposure and subsequent flight of the former Tabasco Secretary of Security after being linked to La Barredora, and the arrest of police and municipal officials directly involved in criminality. These incidents reflect a deep crisis of trust in state institutions and underscore how criminal organizations increasingly infiltrate or co-opt governmental functions. Public protests, blockades, and demands for accountability were widespread, emphasizing the urgent need for systemic reform and effective governance.

Comprehensive Violence Analysis

July 2025 witnessed a pronounced escalation of violence throughout Mexico, with security incidents occurring across nearly every region of the country. The official national homicide rate increased to 25.6 per 100,000 inhabitants, reflecting both the frequency and intensity of lethal crime. States such as Guanajuato, Jalisco, Sinaloa*, the State of Mexico, Michoacán*, Guerrero*, and Veracruz consistently featured among the hardest-hit, with both highly visible massacres and a broad array of less-publicized but equally devastating smaller-scale attacks.

In Guanajuato, the assassination of the secretary of Apaseo el Alto during a public basketball game starkly signified the direct risks faced by government officials. Jalisco continued its notoriety with incidents like a quadruple family homicide in Zapopan, which authorities linked to armed robbery and organized crime. Guerrero* saw an upsurge in urban and rural killings, exemplified by massacres in Acapulco and Cochoapael Grande, as well as the notorious dumping of mutilated bodies in public settings. The climate of fear was compounded by the discovery of bodies subjected to torture, some of which remained unidentified and were buried in mass funerals—a recurring scenario in medical examiner offices throughout the country.

Street battles were persistent dangers in Sinaloa*, Guanajuato, and Jalisco. Particularly in Sinaloa*, heavily armed groups challenged security forces, leading to drawn-out firefights, sporadic blockades, and assaults at critical infrastructure points, including highways, toll booths, and major roadways. Armed robberies were frequent and often brazen: in Jalisco alone, 33 tons of precious metal concentrate were stolen in a single armed heist, vividly illustrating the high stakes and organizational capacity of criminal groups.

Repeat incidents of highway robbery, vehicle hijacking, and cartel-imposed roadblocks disrupted urban travel and interstate commerce. Law enforcement agencies faced severe operational hazards, including targeted assassinations: "Commander Nitro", of the Elite Group of Preventative Police and "Commander Richard" head of the Municipal Police motorcycle squad were killed in separate incidents in Culiacan on July 15 and 16th respectively. Sinaloa* reported 32 local police officers killed as of July, accounting for 44 since a renewed wave of cartel infighting began in September 2024. The Deputy Chief of Police of Zamora, Michoacan and two accompanying officers were murdered. The Deputy Police Commander in Mexicali was killed in an armed attack outside his home.

Travel advisories urged caution or outright avoidance of specific routes, as U.S. and Mexican authorities alike recognized the persistent threat posed by both organized and opportunistic criminal actors.

The violence extended to those outside criminal and official spheres. Human rights defenders and social activists were not spared; the killing of activist Gabriel Hernández in Reynosa, following the withdrawal of his security detail, stood out as a particularly grave example of the dangers facing civil society participants. Mass civilian displacement, such as the exodus from Michoacán’s* Tierra Caliente region, after intense confrontations, underlined the acute humanitarian impact of these violent milieus.

Detailed Cartel Dynamics and Organizational Structures

The underlying structure of organized crime in Mexico was on clear display in July 2025, with major cartels maintaining and adapting diverse operational arms across much of the country. The Sinaloa Cartel, still one of the most potent transnational criminal organizations, was at the epicenter of many developments. High-profile arrests, such as that of Salvador Humberto S.V.M. (“El Señor de la V”), who led the Gente Nueva faction in Chihuahua, revealed the significant layers of specialization among cartel leadership. His portfolio included overseeing synthetic drug manufacturing and distribution in Ciudad Juárez, closely aligned with the “Los Chapitos” group—descendants and lieutenants of Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán.

Arrests of operators like Luis Ángel N. (“El Tamara”) in Puebla, following deadly attacks on police, and Ulises Pinto of “La Barredora” in Tabasco, validated the government’s strategy of targeting cartel command structures but also highlighted the rapid replacement of arrested leaders. Coordinated takedowns revealed the military-style resources available to these groups: the capture of 11 “Los Mayos” members in Navolato, Sinaloa*, after an extended gun battle resulted in the seizure of high-powered weaponry, tactical vests, and operational vehicles.

Cartels demonstrated adaptability both in violent confrontation and in recruitment practices. The Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG), now notorious for its brutal innovation, lured unemployed or at-risk youth in Guadalajara with fraudulent employment ads, effectively using deception to recruit and sometimes disappear new members forcibly. Smaller factions such as Grupo Sombra in Veracruz maintained prominence through extortion, kidnapping, and the strategic occupation of economic niches in local markets.

Criminal organizations grew increasingly intertwined with corrupt elements within government and law enforcement. The indictment and flight of Hernán Bermúdez Requena, ex-Secretary of Security in Tabasco, after revelations of his involvement with La Barredora, showed the embeddedness of cartels in state institutions. In Chiapas, municipal police arrested those participating in criminal logistics operations, further evidencing this convergence and severely complicating anti-crime efforts.

Cartel control extended into legitimate businesses and critical industries. High-profile extortion campaigns in Veracruz and the State of Mexico revealed criminal monopolies over supply chains, forced price controls in construction and basic goods, and direct influence over contracts and commerce through intimidation and arson. Organizations like La Familia Michoacana and other groups exploited these economic levers, undermining both free enterprise and the capacity of local authorities.

Governmental Authority and Institutional Challenges

Mexico’s formal institutions faced repeated direct attacks, compounding public concerns about the state’s ability to provide security. This years continued trend of governmental figures being violently targeted reflected a persistent campaign to erode institutional authority and impede anti-crime policy. High-visibility incidents included the assassination of public officials in both urban and rural venues—often orchestrated to send a signal of criminal dominance.

Attempts to stem the tide of violence were further hampered by active corruption and collusion. The pretrial detention of councilor Yareli "N" in the State of Mexico for alleged complicity in abduction operations showcased the extent to which criminal interests could compromise local governance. In Frontera Comalapa, Chiapas, not only were security personnel the victims of attack, but several municipal police were apprehended for direct involvement in illicit drug sales—a situation repeated in other states but rarely prosecuted at this level.

Incidents such as the attack on the Guerrero* State Prosecutor’s office in Acapulco, which involved a direct assault on law enforcement headquarters, typified the brazenness of organized criminal groups. Spectacular violence unfolded at major transportation nodes: in Culiacán and Navolato, Sinaloa*, heavily armed groups attacked National Guard forces at tollbooths, destroying infrastructure and placing ordinary motorists at risk. These actions resulted in widespread disruption and vividly illustrated the reach and coordination of organized criminal operations.

Institutional challenges were further exacerbated by persistent impunity. Mass killings, the abandonment of bodies in public, and the routine targeting of off-duty police officers in Sinaloa* and Guanajuato demonstrated calculated moves to instill fear and undermine government legitimacy. In the aftermath of attacks, government employees—including medical examiners—were often compelled to carry out large-scale, hastily arranged funeral procedures for numerous unidentified victims, reflecting the ongoing humanitarian toll of unchecked violence.

Governmental Response and Strategic Interventions

In July 2025, both federal and state forces launched operations aimed at diminishing the operational capacities of organized criminal groups. Security efforts spanned the spectrum from high-impact raids and targeted arrests to the dismantling of physical infrastructure supporting drug trafficking and violence.

A series of coordinated security sweeps in Sinaloa* resulted in the apprehension of 10 cartel operatives and the seizure of substantial quantities of firearms and precursor chemicals, directly impacting synthetic drug manufacturing operations.

Simultaneous operations in Aguascalientes led to the dismantling of a major cartel encampment. The event led to several disturbances including narco-blockades, stores, and vehicles being set on fire. It was widely reported that the arrests of 27 persons triggered the violence.

In Tabasco, the arrest of both Ulises Pinto, a leader of the criminal group "La Barredora", and his chief bodyguard coincided with the confiscation of several operational vehicles.

Authorities increasingly deployed advanced technology, including drone and robotic surveillance, particularly in violence-prone states such as Chiapas, as a means of monitoring cartel activity and supporting direct interventions. Despite these measures, cartel adaptation—including the use of drones for their own operational planning—continued apace, resulting in ongoing tactical challenges for government forces.

Efforts to disrupt the financial underpinnings of crime were also apparent. In the State of Mexico and Veracruz, the systematic dismantling of extortion and market control networks revealed the value of targeting criminal finances as opposed to relying exclusively on direct confrontation. The exposure of supply chain monopolies designed to forcibly capture the markets for basic goods and construction materials showed the depth of criminal penetration into everyday economic life.

Despite operational gains and high-profile arrests, entrenched criminal groups proved highly resilient. Government actions, while often robust, were reactive rather than preemptive, with many policy decisions hampered by institutional inertia, public mistrust, and the specter of internal corruption. Public outcry remained strong, evidenced by citizen blockades, protest marches, and demands for accountability after each new outrage.

Economic and Social Dimensions of Crime

Economic disruption and social anxiety were defining features of the security environment in July. The month saw a dramatic rise in reported extortion cases in Veracruz, where two-thirds of business owners acknowledged victimization within the year. Official statistics showed a 40% increase in extortion investigations since 2019, with the trend accelerating since early 2023.

In addition to financial losses, the consequences included arson, bombings of businesses, and an informal “protection” tax that could reach as high as 120,000 pesos (USD6,300) per year.

Kidnapping, for both financial gain and strategic leverage, remained widespread. In the State of Mexico, the abduction of transport sector coordinator Bernardo Aldana and his subsequent safe rescue highlighted the risks and potential mortal consequences for high-profile civilian actors.

Women and children were particularly at risk: the murder of Karla in Guadalajara—a high-profile femicide garnering significant public outrage—was reportedly committed by an individual associated with organized crime, and the practice of using fake job recruitment to enlist or disappear forcibly young people underscored new tactics designed to target vulnerable demographics.

Highway violence, hijacking of commercial and private vehicles, and large-scale cargo theft disrupted both travel and commerce, particularly along routes in Sinaloa*, Michoacán*, and Chiapas. Overland travel advisories remained in effect for several regions, as law enforcement agencies struggled to ensure the safety of travelers against well-armed, frequently mobile criminal groups.

Violence against human rights advocates and activists, exemplified by the murder of Gabriel Hernández in Reynosa, indicated a broader societal cost: it dampened civic engagement, increased public anxiety, and discouraged social activism in matters of public interest.

International Dimensions

Mexico’s security crisis resonated beyond its national borders, drawing heightened attention from international bodies and foreign governments. The United States and several European countries issued renewed travel warnings, urging both business travelers and tourists to avoid regions marred by cartel and gang violence. These advisories were frequently updated, reflecting the shifting nature of risk in key states and corridors.

The visible use of financial systems for money laundering, including streams tied to human trafficking and the cross-border movement of illicit funds, drew concern from multilateral organizations such as the United Nations. In July, Mexico was highlighted in international forums as a critical flashpoint for transnational crime, underscoring the interconnectedness of domestic instability and broader global risks.

Crimes targeting foreign visitors, while much less common than assaults on Mexican nationals, continued to occur with sufficient regularity to impact perceptions of safety and discourage tourism. Investigations into human trafficking along highway corridors—such as the interdiction of a group of minors being trafficked to Mazatlán—demonstrated the transregional nature of many illegal enterprises, linking domestic criminal elements to broader trafficking syndicates operating across Latin America and beyond.

The perceived inability of Mexican authorities to consistently provide security for both nationals and foreigners contributed to international engagement on humanitarian and law enforcement matters. International law enforcement cooperation, intelligence-sharing initiatives, and technical assistance were all components of the external response to Mexico’s ongoing challenges.

Solutions: Harary Security Services Recommendations

Given the persistence and complexity of threats in Mexico’s security environment, individuals, families, and organizations with exposure to high-risk activities or regions are advised to take a proactive and comprehensive approach to personal and organizational safety. Harary Security recommends the following services, deployed discreetly to minimize exposure while maximizing risk mitigation outcomes.

Risk Assessments should be conducted for all at-risk personnel, operations, or assets in Mexico. Tailored assessments allow for an up-to-date understanding of the threat environment and support decision-making based on quantitative and qualitative analysis.

VIP Executive Protection is essential for business leaders and high-profile individuals whose positions make them targets either for kidnapping, extortion, or opportunistic crime. Harary Security deploys highly trained protection teams with local expertise and adaptive strategies.

Security Seminars equip clients and their key personnel with essential knowledge and practical techniques for situational awareness, emergency response, and threat recognition in volatile situations or unfamiliar settings.

Kidnap for Ransom Services are designed for individuals and corporations facing an elevated threat of targeted abduction. Discreet prevention protocols, preparedness training, and, if needed, expert negotiation and crisis resolution teams are all part of the Harary Security package.

Crisis Management & Response services are available to ensure rapid, coordinated intervention whenever major security incidents arise. This may include response strategies, evacuation logistics, legal liaison, communication strategies, or public relations support during or after a crisis.

Security Management Support assists organizations in developing internal policies, procedures, and contingency plans. This includes the embedding of risk managers or security advisors who monitor ongoing developments and launch rapid threat assessments as circumstances evolve.

Intelligence Studies and Reports provide information on evolving criminal tactics, local risk patterns, and emerging threats, supporting organizations in anticipating rather than simply reacting to security crises.

Investigations support internal risk management, address legal disputes, and facilitate the ongoing due diligence of partners and operators.

Harary Security's investigative teams discreetly assemble evidence, analyze networks, and identify risks across the spectrum of criminal, civil, or regulatory domains.

Conclusion

July 2025 marked a period of profound challenge in Mexico’s ongoing battle with organized crime and institutional fragility.

Substantial increases in violence, high-profile assassinations, evolving cartel strategies, and continued assaults on public institutions were defining features. Government responses, while increasingly sophisticated and at times successful, continued to trail the creative and adaptive threats faced by everyday citizens, law enforcement, and public officials. These realities dictate that every individual and organization operating in Mexico consider robust, professionally guided, and adaptive security strategies, not simply as a reactive posture, but as an integral part of risk management in one of the most complex security environments in the hemisphere.

* No travel states per the U.S. State Department

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 ^Overview

^{1.     Escalating Violence Against Government Officials and Law Enforcement}

^{July 2025 was marked by continued and highly visible attacks on government officials and law enforcement personnel, signaling persistent threats to governmental authority. The assassination of the secretary of Apaseo el Alto, Guanajuato, during a public event was particularly notable and emblematic of direct cartel challenges to public order. In Sinaloa, the ongoing conflict between rival Mayos and Chapitos groups resulted in 32 police officers killed this year alone, many targeted off-duty, demonstrating a calculated campaign of intimidation. Across several states, brazen confrontations involving heavy weaponry occurred at transportation infrastructure, further illustrating the severe power and impunity wielded by organized crime.}

^{2.     Major Cartel Arrests and Persistent Criminal Adaptability}

^{Security forces achieved significant operational successes with the capture of high-ranking cartel figures, including Salvador Humberto S.V.M. (“El Señor de la V”), leader of the Gente Nueva cell in Chihuahua, and Ulises Pinto, the alleged head of “La Barredora.” These arrests impacted cartel leadership and drug networks; however, criminal groups demonstrated strong adaptability, rapidly replacing detained leaders and even penetrating law enforcement, as seen with numerous arrests of corrupt police. Cartels also diversified operations, such as the CJNG’s recruitment using fake job ads to abduct and forcibly conscript young people.}

^{3.     Endemic Extortion, Kidnapping, and the Impact on Society and Economy}

^{Criminal groups expanded their control over legitimate businesses and commodities, particularly through systematic extortion and high-profile kidnappings. Two-thirds of entrepreneurs in Veracruz reported being targeted by extortion, pushing many out of business or into compliance with criminal demands. Kidnapping cases, both for ransom and forced recruitment, remained high, directly affecting sectors like transportation and construction. The abduction and recovery of notable industry leaders, attacks on civilians and small businesses, as well as targeted violence against women and activists, underscored the widespread human and economic toll.}

^{4.     Institutional Corruption and the Erosion of Public Trust}

^{Several cases throughout July highlighted ongoing institutional challenges, including the exposure and subsequent flight of the former Tabasco Secretary of Security after being linked to La Barredora, and the arrest of police and municipal officials directly involved in criminality. These incidents reflect a deep crisis of trust in state institutions and underscore how criminal organizations increasingly infiltrate or co-opt governmental functions. Public protests, blockades, and demands for accountability were widespread, emphasizing the urgent need for systemic reform and effective governance.}

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General Overview

June 2025 was a month of profound security challenges and complex criminal dynamics in Mexico. The country experienced a surge in violence, high-profile attacks, and evolving cartel strategies that tested the resilience of governmental institutions and the safety of the population. The following topics represent the most significant and impactful developments during the month:

1. Escalation of Mass Violence and High-Impact Incidents: Multiple states recorded unprecedented levels of homicides, mass killings, and attacks on civilians and officials. Sinaloa*, Guanajuato, Michoacán*, and Jalisco were among the most affected, with several incidents involving double-digit fatalities and public displays of violence.

2. Fragmentation and Evolution of Cartel Structures: The ongoing conflict between major cartel factions, especially within the Sinaloa Cartel, led to new levels of violence. The use of advanced weaponry, armored vehicles, and drones by criminal groups highlighted their growing operational capacity and technological sophistication.

3. Attacks on Governmental Authority and Institutional Weaknesses: Public officials, police, and military personnel were frequent targets of lethal attacks. Corruption and collusion within security forces continued to undermine state authority, with several high-profile arrests of officials for criminal collaboration.

4. Governmental Response and Strategic Operations: Authorities launched several large-scale operations, resulting in the arrest of key cartel figures and the dismantling of major criminal networks. Despite these efforts, the overall impact on violence levels remained limited, as criminal groups adapted quickly to leadership losses.

5. Economic, Social, and International Dimensions of Crime: Extortion, kidnapping, and armed robbery continued to affect businesses, professionals, and ordinary citizens. The crisis of disappearances and mass graves persisted, while U.S. government alerts and the use of digital platforms for crime underscored the international and technological aspects of Mexico's security challenges.

6. Judicial Reform: Elections were held to implement judicial reform, introducing direct elections by popular vote for the selection of judges. The reform aims to promote greater accountability and increase the efficiency of the judicial system. While the reform seeks to enhance transparency and public trust, concerns remain about the possible politicization of the judicial selection process.

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